THE HOAI EXPLAINED

What is the HOAI?

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The HOAI, short for Honorarordnung für Architekten und Ingenieure (Fee Structure for Architects and Engineers), defines the stages of architectural and engineering services under German law. These stages, known as Leistungsphasen(performance phases), structure the planning and execution of construction projects and determine how architects and engineers are compensated. The HOAI focuses on professional services, while construction costs and land acquisition are calculated separately.

This guide simplifies the HOAI process for clients, whether you're familiar with German regulations or new to this framework.

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Overview of the Leistungsphasen (Performance Phases)

 

LP1: Strategic Definition (Grundlagenermittlung)

 

This phase focuses on laying the groundwork for the project:

Understanding the client’s needs and project goals.

Evaluating site potential and constraints.

Reviewing initial budgets and project risks.

Assessing whether specialist expertise (e.g., fire safety, conservation) is required.

Conducting preliminary site appraisals.

 

LP2: Preliminary Design & Brief (Vorplanung)

 

In this phase, the first ideas take shape:

Initial sketches and layout concepts are developed.

A rough cost estimate is prepared.

A detailed site survey is conducted.

The client’s preferences and priorities are explored further.

 

LP3: Concept Design (Entwurfsplanung)

 

Here, the design becomes more concrete:

Floor plans and basic facade designs are refined.

Discussions focus on aligning the design with the budget.

A more precise cost calculation is prepared.

 

LP4: Planning Permission (Genehmigungsplanung)

 

This phase involves preparing documentation to obtain planning approval:

Detailed drawings are created.

External consultants (e.g., surveyors, engineers) contribute to the process.

Applications are submitted to the local planning authority.

 

LP5: Detailed Design (Ausführungsplanung)

 

Once planning permission is secured:

Technical drawings and specifications are developed for construction.

Architects detail everything from overall layouts to components like roofs and windows.

 

LP6: Preparation for Tender (Vorbereitung der Vergabe)

 

This phase focuses on preparing for construction bidding

Specifications, material lists, and tender documents are finalized.

Precise cost estimates are developed.

 

LP7: Tendering and Contract Award (Mitwirkung bei der Vergabe)

 

During this phase:

The construction company with the most suitable bid is selected.

Architects and contractors finalize agreements and resolve clarifications.

The project is fully prepared for construction.

 

LP8: Construction Supervision (Objektüberwachung)

 

This is the execution phase:

The architect supervises the construction to ensure compliance with plans.

Regular site visits and documentation occur to track progress and address issues.

 

LP9: Handover and Warranty (Objektbetreuung)

 

The final phase ensures the project’s completion:

Architects prepare handover documents for clients and authorities.

A "snag list" identifies any defects to be addressed by the contractor.

Warranty tracking ensures accountability for construction quality.

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Why Understanding HOAI Matters

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For clients unfamiliar with German regulations, the HOAI may seem complex. However, it provides a clear and structured approach to ensure your project is delivered efficiently and to the highest standards. By understanding each performance phase, you can better collaborate with your architect and make informed decisions.

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Is It Necessary to Follow All HOAI Phases?

 

Not every project requires strict adherence to all nine HOAI phases. Each project is unique and may need tailored services depending on its complexity, scope, and client requirements. At HAA&D, we provide the flexibility to adapt the phases to meet your specific project needs while maintaining professional standards and efficiency. By customizing the process, we ensure that you receive the most relevant services for your project without unnecessary steps.

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